Understanding heat index and its impact on health

Over the past few days, the Philippines has experienced scorching temperatures, peaking at 42 to 48 degrees Celsius. This extreme heat index level poses significant risks to the health and well-being of individuals. Among those most affected are children, pregnant women, and older adults aged 65 and above.

What Is Heat Index? The heat index, also known as the apparent temperature, describes how the weather feels to the human body when relative humidity is combined with the air temperature. While it is intended to represent the experienced temperature in the shade, it does not account for factors such as direct sunlight, physical activity, or wind cooling. When the body becomes excessively hot, it responds by perspiring or sweating as a natural cooling mechanism. However, it’s essential to recognize that different individuals perceive heat differently due to factors like body shape, metabolism, hydration level, pregnancy, or other physical conditions.

Factors Contributing to Increased Heat Index: Several factors contribute to the rising heat index:

Global Warming and Climate Change:

• The ongoing global warming trend has led to an overall increase in average temperatures. As a result, extreme heat events occur more frequently.
• Record highs and prolonged heatwaves are becoming commonplace, affecting regions worldwide.

High Air Temperatures and Elevated Humidity Levels:

• When both air temperatures and humidity levels are high, the heat index rises significantly.
• Elevated humidity reduces the body’s ability to cool itself through evaporation, leading to discomfort and potential heat-related illnesses.

Importance of Hydration:

• Insufficient hydration exacerbates the impact of extreme heat. Dehydration impairs the body’s ability to regulate its internal temperature effectively.
• Adequate fluid intake is crucial to prevent heat exhaustion and heatstroke.

To mitigate the effects of extreme heat, especially for vulnerable groups, consider the following precautions:

• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
• Avoid prolonged exposure to high temperatures, especially during peak heat hours.
• Pay attention to symptoms of heat-related illnesses, such as heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, and nausea.
• Elderly individuals, pregnant women, and young children should take extra precautions.

Remember that understanding the heat index and taking necessary steps can help protect everyone during extreme weather conditions. Stay safe and cool!